More about Cooling Systems

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Cooling systems include a wide range of devices, from fans and air conditioners to evaporative coolers. Evaporative coolers use water evaporation to remove heat from an area. The vaporization of a liquid requires a specific amount of heat to occur; when water evaporates, this heat energy is taken from the surrounding area, thereby cooling it. Fans and blowers cool an area by moving air, and are generally separated into three main types: radial, axial and tangential. Air conditioners remove heat from a location through the evaporation and condensation of an internal coolant; these phase changes are initiated by the systems’ compressor.

Perhaps the most common cooling system is the axial fan, which directs air across its axis of rotation. Household electric fans and ceiling fans are good examples of axial fans. Centrifugal fans intake air through a shaft and propel it in a perpendicular direction. One might find a centrifugal fan in numerous automotive applications (a turbocharger is a specialized type of centrifugal blower). A tangential fan also expels air through an output perpendicular to the central shaft, but its input is placed perpendicularly, as well.

Cooling systems are used for an extensive assortment of applications, from home and facility climate control to engine and machine temperature management. For example, most car engines use a liquid cooling system, in which coolant flows through various tubes in the engine, absorbing heat. The coolant eventually returns to the radiator and releases the absorbed heat. Computers and other electronic devices typically use simple blowers to expel heat generated by internal operation. Offices and industrial facilities use various air conditioning systems to create healthy working conditions.

There are a variety of components to any cooling system. Fans and blowers, for example, use a wide collection of blades, housings and motors, while air conditioners utilize compressors, temperature controls and sensors, coolant, piping and pumps. Proper ducting and venting are also essential in larger cooling systems.