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A pressure washer is a pump-driven spraying device that uses a jet of highly pressurized water to clean surfaces and remove old finishes. Pressure washer units are used on everything from outdoor furniture and patios to automobiles and heavy machinery. Light-, medium- and heavy-duty models are all available, and the model’s strength typically determines its level of portability, with light-duty machines being the most portable.

Light-duty pressure washers are useful for most garden work and general outdoor cleaning uses (patio furniture, etc.). Heavy-duty units are typically designed for use on heavy equipment and difficult surfaces; they are often used for cleaning brickwork and certain industrial machinery. The average output pressure determines the rating of the model, although many pressure washers have adjustable settings to allow them to handle various tasks. Unit output is measured in maximum psi and gallon per minute or (occasionally) bars.

Both gasoline-powered and electric-powered washers are available, with gasoline-powered models generally better suited to heavy duty applications. The power source is used to drive a pump, which pressurizes the water, typically input through a hose. Units can be wall-mounted, attached to a mobile chassis, or carried, depending on design and power rating. Pressure washers can also be designed to operate with hot water and soap, or even as a combination steam-cleaner and washer. Most use a triggered gun and nozzle attachment to allow the user to precisely control water direction.

Pressure washers are typically built using a variety of corrosion- and rust-resistant materials, such as stainless steel, brass and polyethylene. Certain detergents and cleaners are designed for use with pressure washers, and should be considered for numerous applications. Manufacturers also offer a multitude of washer attachments, as well as goggles and other safety gear to protect operators. Heavy- and medium-duty units also feature thermal and pressure relief valves for additional operator safety.