More about Rubber Goods

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Rubber goods were first made possible by a process called vulcanization. Essentially, the vulcanization process cross-links rubber molecules with sulfur atoms (other linking materials can also be used). This causes the rubber to become harder, sturdier and more resilient. The rubber transforms into a smooth and durable material, although the flexibility and heat resistance of this material depend upon the number of sulfur atoms linking the rubber molecules. The process of vulcanization is also called curing. Uncured natural rubber quickly begins to degrade and rot.

Vulcanized rubber goods were fundamental to the industrial revolution. Before rubber fittings and seals, machine makers and factory owners used oil-soaked leather to seal gaps. But unlike leather, vulcanized rubber could be shaped to precise measurements and would withstand high pressures without permanently losing its shape. It quickly became an integral manufacturing material.

Although millions of tons of vulcanized natural rubber are still used today, the majority of modern rubber goods are made from synthetic rubber. Artificially fabricated rubber is typically made by polymerizing, or linking, different monomers, such as isobutylene and isoprene (both of which are used in the fabrication of inner tubes). Isoprene polymers make up the bulk of natural latex rubber. However, using alternative substances enables manufacturers to produce rubber with properties different than those of natural rubber.

Products now created from natural and synthetic rubber include gaskets, weather stripping, automobile tires, floor mats and more. In addition, virtually all industries rely on rubber goods. Rubber provides the perfect material for o-rings, suction cups, stoppers, seals and fittings. All of these products are essential components in machinery, whether it is an automobile, aircraft or conveyor system. Because rubber provides such a variety of possible uses, a vast range of manufacturers are responsible for the creation of rubber goods, each specializing in different products. The processes these manufacturers use also vary, ranging from custom molding to lathe cutting. The type of rubber used, as well as the specific manufacturing process, depends on the nature of the product. For instance, many medical and mechanical components are made through the high-temperature molding of synthetic rubber.