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Testing services are available for a wide range of industries, products and conditions. They are used to investigate safety and health concerns, examine chemical and physical properties, inspect work, research and production conditions, and define quality. Testing services can be used to analyze environmental effects on a product or material or the effects of a product or material on the environment. Many of the products in commercial, industrial and home use have undergone rigorous testing procedures, some in order to meet government or industry requirements, others simply to provide maximum efficiency.

When not conducted as research, testing is usually performed in order to accord with certification and standardization procedures. In some cases, testing methods lead to the creation of certifications and standards, or are put in place to help an industry achieve better unity, communication, and cooperation. Various certificates of performance and standards are available to manufacturers, including a wide range of ISO and QS compliance certifications.

Among the environmental testing services that can be performed are EMI, EMC, RFI and asbestos testing, as well as humidity, temperature, altitude, sound and electrical tests. There are also a vast range of water testing services, including pH, hardness, pollution and chlorine tests. Some facilities may require radiation testing or air quality measurements, while certain systems can benefit from vibration testing and regular leak detection services.

Organizations that offer testing services include trade associations, private companies, government agencies and educational institutions. In the case of trade organizations, many of the tests performed are voluntary, while tests performed by government agencies may be mandatory or inspection-related. Educational institutions and other similar bodies may help with the creation or propagation of various standards, whether in measurement, design or acceptable practices. The wide assortment of testing services available, from military specification testing to performance reviews, span all industries, products and personnel, and have been an integral component of the growth of modern industry.