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 Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems Automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS or AS/RS) are integrated organizational systems that are part or fully automated and can be introduced into storage facilities for accurate and efficient material handling and inventory needs. The systems are guided by computer software that monitors all on-hand inventory to increase accuracy, and involves robots and automated pickers that can locate and transport materials throughout the facility. Automated equipment includes pickers, robotic transport, loaders, and shelving units. ASRS are common in various kinds of storage facilities and archives like libraries, and are part of recent developments in material handling dedicated to Computer-Integrated Warehousing (CIW).ASRS are typically classified as either man-on-board (or man-aboard) or mast systems. Mast systems use either single- or double-masted cranes, depending on workload and maneuverability. Man-On-Board ASRS Man-on-board or man-aboard systems employ an automated picker that can fit a worker. The picker is usually on a rail on the floor or hangs from a rail along the ceiling. The picker can travel along the rail delivery system down aisles in a storage facility through manual or automatic operation. The worker in the picker can direct the system to take him to the product location required, and lift the worker to the appropriate shelving height. Man-on-board systems are often more expensive than other types of ASRS because they involve complex railing installations, but with their added reach and flexibility, they can provide increased storage and floorspace savings. In facilities where space is at a premium, man-on-board systems can maximize storage efficiency, although this optimization can cause actual retrieval times to slow. Crane ASRS ASRS that utilize automated or remote controlled cranes don’t require worker interaction with the picker units. The storage and retrieval unit (generically referred to as S/R device or unit) can travel around the storage floor and locate items as controlled by a computer. Cranes are either single-mast or double-mast, depending on the types of loads required and the facility spacing. An ASRS operating with cranes will generally have a main depot location in the facility where workers can monitor stock from a computer. When a load arrives or needs to be sent out, they can type the details into the computer and activate the S/R unit. The S/R unit locates and delivers the products needed and delivers them to the depot, or takes them from the depot and chooses a logical location for them in the storage area. Computer-Integrated Warehousing ASRS is part of a larger material handling organization plan that is known as Computer-Integrated Warehousing (CIW). CIW is an organizational principle that incorporates computer management of inventory in storage facilities. Using radio frequency identifying (RFID) barcodes and radio frequency data terminals (RFDT), the larger ASRS is managed by a computer. The RFID barcodes allow close to perfect inventory statistics and the RFDT allow workers to access the system at multiple points in a facility. Each time an item’s RFID barcode is scanned, computer records are updated as to the item’s location, stock number and other data. This system is called Real Time Warehouse Control (RTWC). The RTWC system integrates with the ASRS to optimize and streamline the entire material handling process in a warehouse. Other Materials Handling Guides
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