| TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| 1. | Introduction | 1 |
| 2. | 1980s: Microprocessors & Antioxidants | 2 |
| 3. | 1990s: Development Shifts toward Low-Maintenance Hot Melt Adhesives and Machines | 3 |
| 4. | Sealing Today | 5 |
| 5. | Eliminating Repetitive Maintenance | 5 |
| 6. | Conclusion | 9 |
| 7. | References | 10 |
| 8. | Appendix | 11 |
| 8.1. | Dispensing Adhesive Using Hot Melt Technology | 11 |
| 8.2. | Nordson Technology Timeline | 12 |
| 9. | Figures | |
| 9.1. | Manufacturing Components of Tape vs. Hot Melt | 6 |
| 9.2. | Break-even Point between Tape and Hot Melt Costs | 7 |
| 9.3. | Getting Tape Adhesive onto the Box | 8 |
| 9.4. | Getting Hot Melt Adhesive onto the Box | 8 |
| 10. | Tables | |
| 10.1. | Cost Components:Tape vs. Hot Melt Adhesive | 7 |