Overview: Challenging the claim that avoiding the use of artificial chemicals will produce healthier food and have less or no negative impacts on the environment, this paper aims to clear the common beliefs associated with organic agriculture. It cites the common natural and synthetic chemicals, explaining that not all the natural chemicals are safe, and that many synthetic products are routinely used to protect and improve consumer's health. An extensive list of the various synthetic chemicals that are actually allowed in organic agriculture is included and the chemical selection criteria for organic agriculture are questioned, giving an example of phosphates. The paper brings to light the use of pesticides in organic agriculture, and explains the various environmental effects of organic agriculture, also clearing the myths regarding health benefits offered by organic foods.